重装MySQL 和 gem mysql2 指定版本的爬坑经历

2022-12-20 14:02| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

MySQL的安装

我因为新的项目用的 gem 'mysql2', '0.4.5'，与我的 MySQL 5.7 不兼容，就重装了MySQL。

但执行 mysql -uroot，报错 ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

执行 ln -s /usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock后，再执行 mysql -uroot，报错ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock' (2) 去/usr/local/var/mysql 目录查看，发现根本没有 mysql.sock 文件。所以，不只是没有软链接的问题。

又Google到了各种答案，各种尝试后都还是不行。

最终搜到了以下答案，直接彻底删除之前的MySQL，然后重装：brew install mysql on mac os

brew remove mysql brew cleanup launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist rm ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist sudo rm -rf /usr/local/var/mysql brew install mysql #安装最新版本 brew install [email protected] #安装指定版本 unset TMPDIR mysql.server start mysql -uroot

我自己一开始的重装出错的原因，应该就是没有彻底删除之前的MySQL。

执行 rails console时，若报错： Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib (LoadError)，说明是重装了MySQL，rails 找不到 mysql的相关文件了。这时需要依次执行：

gem uninstall mysql2 gem install mysql 安装 gem mysql2 的指定版本

比如Rails项目的Gemfile中使用的是 gem mysql2 0.3.18 版本，执行 gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.18',报错：

Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing mysql2: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /Users/huazai/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes checking for rb_intern3()... yes ----- Using mysql_config at /usr/local/bin/mysql_config ----- checking for mysql.h... yes checking for errmsg.h... yes checking for mysqld_error.h... yes ----- Setting rpath to /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.15/lib ----- creating Makefile make "DESTDIR=" clean make "DESTDIR=" compiling client.c client.c:431:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'my_bool' my_bool res = mysql_read_query_result(client); ^ client.c:433:19: error: use of undeclared identifier 'res' return (void *)(res == 0 ? Qtrue : Qfalse); ^ client.c:762:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'my_bool' my_bool boolval; ^ client.c:793:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'boolval' boolval = (value == Qfalse ? 0 : 1); ^ client.c:794:17: error: use of undeclared identifier 'boolval' retval = &boolval; ^ client.c:797:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'MYSQL_SECURE_AUTH'; did you mean 'MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH'? case MYSQL_SECURE_AUTH: ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.15/include/mysql/mysql.h:188:3: note: 'MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH' declared here MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH, ^ client.c:798:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'boolval' boolval = (value == Qfalse ? 0 : 1); ^ client.c:799:17: error: use of undeclared identifier 'boolval' retval = &boolval; ^ client.c:830:38: error: use of undeclared identifier 'boolval' wrapper->reconnect_enabled = boolval; ^ client.c:1196:38: error: use of undeclared identifier 'MYSQL_SECURE_AUTH'; did you mean 'MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH'? return _mysql_client_options(self, MYSQL_SECURE_AUTH, value); ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.15/include/mysql/mysql.h:188:3: note: 'MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH' declared here MYSQL_DEFAULT_AUTH, ^ 10 errors generated. make: *** [client.o] Error 1 make failed, exit code 2

是因为和 mysql 的高版本不兼容。需要卸载 MySQL重装兼容的版本，比如 MySQL 5.7版。

但安装5.7版后再执行 gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.18' --source 'https://gems.ruby-china.com/ 又报错：

Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing mysql2: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /Users/huazai/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes checking for rb_intern3()... yes checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no checking for main() in -lm... yes checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no checking for main() in -lz... yes checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no checking for main() in -lsocket... no checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no checking for main() in -lnsl... no checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no checking for main() in -lmygcc... no checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options. Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/Users/huazai/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.1/bin/ruby --with-mysql-dir --without-mysql-dir --with-mysql-include --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include --with-mysql-lib --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib --with-mysql-config --without-mysql-config --with-mysql-dir --without-mysql-dir --with-mysql-include --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include --with-mysql-lib --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib --with-mlib --without-mlib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib --with-zlib --without-zlib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib --with-socketlib --without-socketlib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib --with-nsllib --without-nsllib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib --with-mygcclib --without-mygcclib --with-mysqlclientlib --without-mysqlclientlib extconf failed, exit code 1

也搜到了各种方法，都没解决问题。可能是我重装之前删掉了一些不该删除的文件。不知道以后还会不会带来灾难，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈我是最后通过执行gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.18' --source 'https://gems.ruby-china.com/' -- --with-mysql-config=/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/5.7.25/bin/mysql_config 才安装成功了。

执行 rails console时，若报错：Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2) (Mysql2::Error)，执行ln -s /usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock ，如果报错 ln: /tmp/mysql.sock: File exists ，可先将文件/tmp/mysql.sock删除，再执行 ln -s /usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

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